作为一种新的技术，人们对于二氧化碳捕捉与封存有很多期待，但同时也有很多争议。到目前为止，世界上只有少数示范项目落成运行。以下几种许多原因造成了该项技术未来的不确定性。

    Cost 成本

    The cost of CCS is somewhat uncertain. Some recent credible estimations indicate that the cost would range from $75-$100 per ton. Given the fact that CCS is not part of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), this cost would be unacceptable to any project developers. Even if CCS joins CDM, the current CO2 price, which is around $16, will not be able to make ends meet. 

    Safety 安全

    CCS aims to store CO2 underground permanently. This raises the question of safety once it is injected underground. Will it stay where it is forever? What will happen if there is an earthquake? Will the CO2 leak? Many geologists have expressed their concerns over this issue. 

    Legal 法律法规

    CCS is in a legal limbo. There is no set of rules to regulate CCS. One of the most hotly debated issues is who is liable for the CO2 injected underground. Once the CO2 is injected underground, there should be an entity to take over the potential risk, in the event of any malfactors. The government is believed to be in charge of CO2 injected. With the absence of specific regulation, no private players are willing to take on any responsibilities for the potential risk.